Theorists in a nutshell 

Blumler and Katz

Uses and gratification theory 

information 

personal identity 

Entertainment 

Social interaction 

Stuart Hall- Reception theory

preferred/ dominant reading 

Negotiated reading 

oppositional reading 

Mulvey- Male Gaze 

camera is male pov

women either erotic object for characters or audience 

Earp and Katz- Tough Guise 

Media represents masculinity as aggressive, dominant and violence

Barthes

Action codes hints to the audience what is to come 

Enigma codes create questions

Levi Strauss

Conflict (the root of any narrative) is offered by binary opposites 

Propp 

There are 8 character types who serve narrative in some way 

The Hero- the one who is on a quest 

The Villain- the one who works in opposition to the hero 

The Princess- the one that the quest is for 

The Dispatcher- the one who sends the hero on the quest 

The Donor- the one who gives the hero something to help them on the quest 

The Helper- the one who assists the hero on the quest

The Father- the one that rewards the hero 

False Hero- the one who appears to be helping the hero but is unmasked as a fraud 

Todorov 

Every narrative is essentially:

Equilibrium 

Disruption 

Resolution 

New Equilibrium